HHS to Select Smallpox Vaccine Contract Winner

HHS Secretary Tommy Thompson said yesterday he expects to sign a contract with pharmaceutical companies this weekend to purchase enough smallpox vaccine to inoculate "every man, woman and child" in the United States, the Washington Post reports. While the government has already ordered 54 million doses of vaccine, Thompson said he plans to stockpile 250 million doses. Smallpox was eradicated in the 1970s, but the administration's effort to vaccinate all Americans took on new "urgency" when Donald Henderson, director of the Office of Public Health and Preparedness and a "leading smallpox authority," said it was possible that former Soviet scientists were helping nations such as Iraq, Iran, Libya and North Korea produce a "weaponized" smallpox virus. Yesterday, Henderson said that while he would not support a "widespread mandatory vaccination," the vaccine should be available in case of an attack. Currently, the government has about 15.4 million doses of an older smallpox vaccine stockpiled, but the Post reports that researchers say it may be possible to "dilute" those doses to vaccinate 50 million to 77 million people (Connolly, Washington Post, 11/7).

$1.9 Billion Contract
While Thompson had "previously predicted" that stockpiling the vaccines would cost the government $509 million, yesterday he told the Office of Management and Budget that the cost would likely be higher, without specifying what the cost would be, the New York Times reports (Bradsher, New York Times, 11/7). Thompson's initial budget request was based on a price of about $1.70 per dose, but the prices being offered by drug companies are around $8 per dose (Ornstein, Los Angeles Times, 11/7). Thompson said, "The proposals are all below $8, but they are much higher than I had anticipated" (New York Times, 11/7). The Post reports that Thompson has warned the White House that the cost of the vaccine could "quadruple" his original $509 million request. Such a price would equal HHS' "entire $1.9 billion bioterrorism budget." While Thompson was "disappointed" with the bid proposals, he "hop[ed]" to secure a lower price during final negotiations this Friday (Washington Post, 11/7).

AHP Out of the Running
American Home Products, which was "in the running" last week for the contract to produce the vaccine, was eliminated yesterday, the Newark Star-Ledger reports. While Thompson yesterday said "one company" was eliminated from consideration, he did not offer specifics. However, AHP spokesperson Doug Petkus "confirmed" that the company contract was "rejected." While AHP is an "active player" in the vaccine field, the Star-Ledger reports that the company has been criticized for not producing enough flu vaccine for the coming winter (Silverman, Newark Star-Ledger, 11/7). A task force appointed by Thompson is reviewing bids from the three remaining companies to produce the vaccine and also is "debating safety, efficacy" and the possibility of clinical trials (Washington Post, 11/7). While 10 companies applied for the contract, that number has been "whittled" to GlaxoSmithKline, Merck & Co., and a joint venture of Acambis and Baxter Healthcare Corp. The panel plans to make recommendations to Thompson on Nov. 8, and Thompson will meet with company executives on Nov. 9 (Los Angeles Times, 11/7).

Questioning the Private Sector
In an "unusually stark public statement," the National Academy of Sciences said the United States should create a "National Vaccine Authority," since private drug firms lack the money and incentive to create vaccines for biological weapons, the AP/Spokane Spokesman-Review reports. The Academy's Institute of Medicine said a federal authority could help create and oversee a government owned vaccine factory and "spur" private development by setting prices and funding research. The group also said that a federal program could "eliminate shortages" of common vaccines, such as tetanus and pneumococcal vaccines. Dr. Kenneth Shine, IOM's president, added that a vaccine authority would ensure that factories meet "federal safety standards." The AP/Spokesman-Review reports that the recommendation was signed by 22 "prominent scientists," including a "top infectious disease expert." HHS spokesperson Bill Hall said the agency will "review the recommendation" (Neergaard, AP/Spokane Spokesman-Review, 11/6). USA Today also covered the smallpox vaccine and reported that several biotech companies are working to develop "newer types of vaccines that may eventually prove safer" than traditional ones (Appleby, USA Today, 11/7).